Pharma Lab T3 50 tabs (50 mcg/tab)

Liothyronine – Cytomel

Thyroid hormones are produced naturally by our body, but due to their simple molecular structure, many pharmaceutical companies produce synthetic versions. The primary thyroid hormones are T4 (levothyroxine) and T3 (liothyronine), both synthesized and stored in the thyroid gland.

Pharmaceutical thyroid hormones are typically derived either from animal sources (bovine or ovine) or manufactured synthetically. In the United States, the iodine content in these preparations is strictly regulated.

Cytomel (liothyronine sodium) is available in tablet form, acting as a salt derived from a naturally occurring thyroid hormone. Notably, T3 is significantly more potent than T4.

Pharmacology

The exact mechanisms through which thyroid hormones function remain unclear, yet their roles involve numerous biochemical changes within cells. They primarily provide energy, enhancing the utilization of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins, as well as increasing oxygen consumption, thereby elevating the basal metabolic rate. Thyroid hormones impact nearly every organ, including the brain, highlighting their critical role in the body, especially in hypothyroid patients.

Dosage

Thyroid hormones are rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream, with effects noticeable within hours, although peak activity may take several days. These hormones remain in the body for days due to their binding to albumin, which shields them from liver metabolism.

• Replacement therapy for hypothyroidism
• Post-surgical replacement in patients who have had their thyroid removed
• Management in patients with goiters and thyroid nodules
• Diagnostic agents in suppression tests distinguishing hyperthyroidism from thyroid autonomy
• Alternative for patients allergic to pork or beef thyroid

Bodybuilders and Weight Loss

Athletes, both amateur and professional, have long misused thyroid hormones for weight loss, leveraging their fat and carbohydrate combustion properties. Many individuals in various sports utilize Cytomel orally, typically for 4-6 weeks, ceasing usage a week prior to competitions. While Cytomel is effective for fat burning and enhancing performance, users often combine it with other substances, complicating the results.

Those marketing Cytomel suggest starting at 25 µg/day, gradually increasing by 5-10 µg/day. The upper limit for use without side effects is approximately 100 µg/day. Anecdotal evidence indicates weight loss may take 6-12 weeks, but users must acknowledge the risk of thyroid insufficiency upon cessation, necessitating a gradual tapering off to restore natural gland function. Consultation with a physician before using thyroid hormones for weight loss is strongly advised.

Signs and Symptoms

Excessive thyroid hormone usage can lead to numerous side effects, including:

• Headaches
• Mood swings – irritability, anxiety
• Increased sweating
• Arrhythmias
• Palpitations
• Chest pain
• Diarrhea
• Menstrual disorders
• Exacerbation of heart failure
• Shock

Severe overdose may mimic thyroid storm symptoms, while chronic excessive intake manifests hyperthyroidism signs.

Contraindications

Thyroid hormones are contraindicated in patients with untreated adrenal insufficiency, untreated thyrotoxicosis, or known hypersensitivity to active ingredients. True allergies to liothyronine are extremely rare.

Signs and Symptoms

Many individuals misuse thyroid hormones for weight loss, often pairing them with other supplements. Typical therapeutic doses are ineffective for weight reduction; higher doses are necessary but can pose serious health risks, especially when combined with agents like ephedrine or growth hormones.

Patients with certain medical conditions, including adrenal insufficiency and diabetes, should use thyroid hormones cautiously. Adjustments in dosage are required, as these hormones can increase sensitivity to anticoagulants, raising bleeding risks.

While thyroid hormones are often recommended for infertility by non-medical professionals, no scientific proof supports this claim, highlighting their potential dangers. Individuals with pre-existing heart conditions must consult a physician before beginning therapy, with the lowest feasible dose recommended.

Levels

Thyroid hormone levels can be easily monitored. Major sporting agencies, including the IOC and WADA, regularly check athletes for thyroid hormone levels, employing sensitive radioimmunoassays to detect even trace amounts in urine.

Drug Interactions

Liothyronine may interact with several medications, including:

• Oral anticoagulants
• Insulin and oral hypoglycemics
• Cholestyramine
• Estrogens and oral contraceptives
• Tricyclic antidepressants
• Digitalis

Physicians must ensure appropriate thyroid hormone dosages, with regular monitoring for all patients on thyroid therapy.

Treatment of Overdose

If an overdose is suspected, immediate hospitalization is essential. The hormone should be discontinued, and supportive monitoring initiated. Most patients need to refrain from thyroid hormone for 4-8 weeks to allow recovery. There are no specific antidotes, primarily focusing on supportive care. Inducing vomiting is contraindicated due to aspiration risks. Severe cases may require ICU admission and mechanical ventilation. Generally, basic treatment includes hydration and monitoring; beta-adrenergic blockers may be administered in specific scenarios.

Dosage

Liothyronine tablets, typically taken once daily, are dosed based on hypothyroidism severity. Treatment should start at the lowest possible dose due to rapid onset, beginning with 5 mcg/day and increasing by no more than 5 mcg/day at 2-3 week intervals. Rapid increases can exacerbate heart conditions. Generally, doses between 50-75 µg/day are sufficient. Liothyronine can also be provided intravenously in critical cases like myxedema coma, a severe manifestation of hypothyroidism predominantly affecting elderly women.

Liothyronine is available as 5, 25, and 50 µg tablets, requiring a physician’s prescription in the USA.